the queenside rook (worth five points to the three of a bishop or knight and the nine of a queen). He checkmated his father (Judge Alonzo Morphy) by castling and astonishing fact is that he started his game without Ra1 i.e. This beautiful game was played when he was just 14, in the year of 1850. At just twelve years of age, Morphy defeated visiting Hungarian master Johann Löwenthal in a three-game match. They were even more surprised when Paul proved his claim by resetting the pieces and demonstrating the win his uncle had missed. His father and uncle had not realized that Paul knew the moves, let alone any chess strategy. After silently watching a lengthy game between Ernest and Alonzo, which they abandoned as drawn, young Paul surprised them by stating that Ernest should have won. According to his uncle, Ernest Morphy, no one formally taught Morphy how to play chess rather, Morphy learned on his own as a young child simply from watching others play. His family soon recognized the boy's talent for the game and encouraged him to play at family gatherings, and by the age of nine he was considered to be one of the best players in the city. He learned to play chess by simply watching games between his father and uncle. ![]() Once you let go of a piece, you can’t move it elsewhere.Morphy was born in New Orleans to a wealthy and distinguished family. If you touch a piece, you have to move it. PromotionĪ pawn that reaches the end of the board can become any piece you want (just not the king or another pawn). En passantĪ pawn that moves two squares forward can be taken by an opposing pawn that’s directly next to it on the following move. The king moves two spaces from the starting position to the left or right, and the rook moves to next to it on the other side. CastlingĬastling involves the king and the rook swapping positions. CaptureĬapture refers to taking a piece from the board, so your opponent is a piece down. The player to move isn’t in check, but they can’t move any of their pieces. This is also an attack on the king, but unlike checkmate, this is one that your opponent can escape. CheckmateĬheckmate is an attack on the King that your opponent can’t escape. The pawn is the foot soldier – it can only move one space at a time (except for the beginning where it can move two spaces) and it can’t move backwards. Pawnįirst things first - this piece is pronounced P-A-W-N. Knights are the only pieces that can jump over other pieces! They move in an ‘L’ shape – two squares vertically and one horizontally, and vice versa. They move diagonally as long as there are no other pieces in the way. BishopĮach player has two bishops a bishop that only travels on white squares, and another that only travels on black squares. Rooks are powerful pieces that can sweep the board in one move, which is very useful at the end of a game. They move vertically and horizontally as long as there are no other pieces in the way. It moves vertically, horizontally, and diagonally as long as there are no other pieces in the way. The queen can move to more squares than any other piece. The Queen may not be as important as the King, but it’s the most powerful piece on the board. The king moves one square at a time in any direction. ![]() The King is the most important piece of the game! This piece cannot be taken off the board the aim of the game is to capture your opponent’s king, whilst keeping yours safe. Thinking of trying your hand at chess but a bit intimidated by all these strange terms you hear thrown around? This handy guide will have you talking chess like a grandmaster in no time.
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